The BRAT diet: foods, benefits, and uses

Digestive issues can range from a minor inconvenience to an all-out disaster. There are plenty of home remedies, but whether or not they work is a different story.

The BRAT diet is a type of bland diet that some claim to be a lifesaver when dealing with a bout of diarrhea. BRAT stands for bananas, rice, apple sauce, and toast.

The idea is that these foods are easy to digest, and therefore lighten the load on your digestive system. This can improve stomach issues like diarrhea. Let's take a closer look at the BRAT diet and if it's safe to use.

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The BRAT diet seems to be a tale as old as time, often recommended to alleviate diarrhea in small children.

While most home remedies have lost traction in the age of modern medicine, the BRAT diet stuck. Whether it became popular because it works (or because it has a great marketing team) is another question.

BRAT is a household name when you have a little one with the runs. But there’s not much research to show it really works. It was recommended by medical professionals at one point, but since then has fallen out of favor (Mackell, 2005).

When you have diarrhea, you need certain nutrients to help the healing process. A committee from the American Academy of Pediatrics found the BRAT diet too low in protein, fat, and energy and shouldn’t be used for long periods of time (AAP, 1996).

That said, the BRAT diet isn’t all wrong. One study found that rice soup successfully shortened the course of diarrhea in children (Kianmehr, 2016). 

When it comes to proven recommendations for settling an upset stomach, some healthcare providers prefer something called the bland diet. 

The idea behind this diet is similar to the BRAT method: it’s supposed to reduce the effort your digestive system needs to process the food you eat. That means skipping things that are raw or rough on your tummy (fried foods, spicy stuff, large meals, etc.) and sticking with dishes that are cooked, mushy or soft, and contain little or no spices. 

The bland diet is often recommended for people with persistent digestive issues. It can also help those with a history of digestive ulcers or who've recently undergone gastrointestinal surgery (Weir, 2020).

While there isn’t much evidence that BRAT will help, a short course of it probably won’t hurt. So what does the research say?

The number one recommendation when you have diarrhea is making sure you get enough fluids. Diarrhea, especially in young children, can quickly cause dehydration, which can be dangerous. 

Even when it’s hard to keep anything down, try and fill up on fluids. To entice your system a little more, try clear broth or popsicles. Another option is oral rehydration solutions like Pedialyte, which are available over-the-counter at a local pharmacy. 

On the bland diet, you can eat foods that are soft, easy to digest, and low in fiber. Examples of things you can eat include (Weir, 2020):

• Broth or clear liquids

• Cream of wheat

• Eggs

• Fruit juices, such as apple juice

• Lean protein (skinless)

• Low-fat dairy products

• Pudding

• Popsicles

• Tofu

Vegetables like beets, green beans, spinach, and carrots are encouraged, but others like cabbage, cauliflower, onion, and peppers are not. Like all other foods on the bland diet, it’s best to cook veggies to make them easier on your stomach.

When your belly is bubbling, your best bet is to avoid things that might make a stomach ache worse. These include:

• Fatty foods (fried foods, full-fat dairy, fatty meat)

• Whole grains

• Pickles

• Nuts and seeds

• Dressings and sauces

• Acidic fruit

You also should avoid caffeine and alcohol, as well as medications like ibuprofen and aspirin (Weir, 2020).

A short bout of diarrhea or vomiting typically resolves on its own, but if it persists for more than five days (or 24 hours in children) or you can’t keep liquids down at all for a full day it’s time to speak to a healthcare provider.

If you have frequent, intermittent episodes of stomach upset, even if they’re not constant, there might be an underlying condition that requires diagnosis and treatment. 

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Current version

September 02, 2021

Written by

Linnea Zielinski

Fact checked by

Yael Cooperman, MD

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About the medical reviewer

Yael Cooperman, MD, Ro

Yael Cooperman is a physician and works as a Senior Manager, Medical Content & Education at Ro.